Country snapshot · Southern Africa
Mozambique
Solar added each year
Ember estimates of all solar (utility-scale, distributed and off-grid), MW. 2026 is Ember’s full-year estimate.
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| Year | MW | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 72.6 | Ember estimate |
| 2024 | 97.6 | Ember estimate |
| 2025 | 250.7 | Ember estimate |
| 2026E | 453.5 | Ember estimate, full year |
2.6% of Africa’s estimated 2026 solar additions (453.5 of 17,449.4 MW).1
Who has electricity
Share of people with access to electricity, 2024: rural and urban.
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| Area | Access | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Rural | 12.3% | 2024 |
| Urban | 79.8% | 2024 |
| National | 36.9% | 2024 |
World Bank WDI, 2024.2
How reliable is the grid for business?
Firms experiencing electrical outages (2025 survey), compared with Sub-Saharan Africa and the world.3,4N5
58.8% (2025 survey) · Sub-Saharan Africa 72.4% · World 47.5% (2025)
The rules for small-scale generationN6
Export rules: None found
- Regulator
- ARENE
- Main utility
- EDM (single offtaker)
Export rulesNone found. Self-consumption is exempt from concession; details deferred to the Electricity Concessions Regulation (approved Mar 2026, awaiting publication).6,7Medium confidenceShow detail
None found. Electricity Law 12/2022 exempts self-consumption from concession. Self-consumption details are deferred to the Electricity Concessions Regulation, approved by the Council of Ministers in Mar 2026 and awaiting publication
How exports are creditedNone for small systems; grid-connected mini-grids sell to the distributor at a regulated price.6,7Medium confidenceShow detail
None found for small DER. For mini-grids connected to the national grid (REN), sale to the distributor is under contract at a regulator-approved price
Size limits and licensingMini-grids: up to 150 kW licence-exempt; 151 kW–1 MW; 1–10 MW.8High confidenceShow detail
Mini-grid categories: up to 150 kW (exempt from establishment and operating licences), 151 kW–1 MW, and above 1 MW to 10 MW. Self-consumption needs only a generating-centre licence
Mini-grid rulesDecree 93/2021 (off-grid, mini-grids up to 10 MW); mini-grid interconnection rules (2023).9High confidenceShow detail
Decree 93/2021 (off-grid access, mini-grids ≤10 MW, in force Jan 2022). ARENE Resolução Normativa 2/ARENE-CA/2022, Regulamento de Interligação de Mini-Redes (approved 19 Dec 2022, published 16 May 2023). Mini-grid concession award rules issued May 2023
Market access beyond the utilityThird-party supply allowed where the concessionaire cannot supply; no wheeling rule.9Medium confidenceShow detail
Law 12/2022 allows supply by a third party where the concessionaire cannot supply (e.g. corporate PPA). The ETS has proposed a simplified off-grid industrial PPA regime (proposal only). No wheeling rule found
Aggregation / VPP rulesNone found9Low confidenceShow detail
None in force. LER 2025 notes the ETS proposal includes an "energy aggregator" role (proposal only, not seen verbatim)
“None found” means we could not locate a rule in public sources reviewed to 10 October 2026, not that one cannot exist.
Recent developments
Dated developments, 2024–2026.
The full report
This is a snapshot. The full story is in Africa’s Invisible Grid.
The full analysis, with 17 exhibits on the boom, the data gap, the economics and the four building blocks, is in Africa’s Invisible Grid.
